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Annexation and Statehood (1845-1860)

Texas joined the United States in 1845, transitioning from an independent republic to a U.S. state. This period saw the growth of early state institutions, renewed war with Mexico, and mounting tensions over slavery. These articles cover the history of the period up until the eve of the Civil War.

Juan “Cheno” Cortina: Caudillo of the Rio Grande
Annexation and Statehood (1845-1860)BiographyMilitary History

Juan “Cheno” Cortina: Caudillo of the Rio Grande

Constitution of 1845: Foundations of Statehood
Annexation and Statehood (1845-1860)Constitutions of TexasLegal History

Constitution of 1845: Foundations of Statehood

The Road to Annexation: Why Texas Joined the United States in 1845
Annexation and Statehood (1845-1860)Texas HistoryThe Republic of Texas

The Road to Annexation: Why Texas Joined the United States in 1845

Texas’ Little-Known Right to Split Itself into 5 States First page of the Joint Resolution H.R. 46 annexing Texas to the United States, passed by the Congress in 1845.
Annexation and Statehood (1845-1860)FeaturedTexas History

Texas’ Little-Known Right to Split Itself into 5 States

History of Slavery in Texas Slavery scene clouds
Annexation and Statehood (1845-1860)Mexican Texas (1821–1836)The Civil WarThe Republic of Texas

History of Slavery in Texas

Map of Texas and the West After the Mexican-American War (1849)
Annexation and Statehood (1845-1860)Geography & DemographicsHistoric Maps of Texas

Map of Texas and the West After the Mexican-American War (1849)

Annexation Treaty Between the U.S. and the Republic of Texas
Annexation and Statehood (1845-1860)The Republic of TexasTreaties & Agreements

Annexation Treaty Between the U.S. and the Republic of Texas

A Call to Arms After John Brown’s Raid
Annexation and Statehood (1845-1860)Primary Sources in Texas HistorySpeeches & Addresses

A Call to Arms After John Brown’s Raid

Governor H.R. Runnels: Arch-Secessionist and Rival of Sam Houston
Annexation and Statehood (1845-1860)BiographyGovernors of TexasThe Civil War

Governor H.R. Runnels: Arch-Secessionist and Rival of Sam Houston

Peter H. Bell: Frontier Soldier and Expansionist Texas Governor
Annexation and Statehood (1845-1860)BiographyGovernors of Texas

Peter H. Bell: Frontier Soldier and Expansionist Texas Governor

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    • The Courthouse Era1875-1900
    • Reconstruction1865-1874
    • The Civil War1861-1865
    • Annexation & Statehood1845-1860
    • The Republic of Texas1836-1845
    • The Texas Revolution1835-1836
    • Mexican Texas1821-1836
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    • Military HistoryWars, battles & armies of Texas
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